Tag Archive for: Pyomyositis

Introduction to Paediatric Musculoskeletal Infections -A Review Article

Volume 9 | Issue 3 | September-December 2023 | Page: 02-08 | Suresh Chand, Bhushan Sagade, Udit Agarwal, Nishant Jagdale, Smit Rajput

DOI- https://doi.org/10.13107/ijpo.2023.v09.i03.156

Authors: Suresh Chand MS Ortho [1], Bhushan Sagade MS Ortho [2], Udit Agarwal MS Ortho [1], Nishant Jagdale DNB Ortho [2], Smit Rajput MD [3]

[1] Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India.
[2] Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India.
[3] Department of Internal Medicine, East Carolina University and ECU Health Medical Center, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.

Address of Correspondence

Dr. Nishant Jagdale,
Fellow in Paediatric Orthopaedics, Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India.
E-mail: nishant93ortho@gmail.com

Abstract

Paediatric Musculoskeletal Infections include osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, pyomyositis, surgical site infections, tuberculosis, and fungal infections with some infrequent manifestations like purpura fulminans, necrotizing fasciitis, soft tissue abscess and septic bursitis. Osteomyelitis and septic arthritis are two common Musculoskeletal Infections. Vertebral tuberculosis is the most common form of skeletal tuberculosis. Staphylococcus aureus is the most frequent cause of Paediatric Musculoskeletal Infections, followed by streptococci. They can be classified on the basis of pathogen, anatomical site, spread, severity etc. Pathogenic organisms may reach a bone or soft tissue location by either of the three means: (a) direct inoculation from penetrating trauma or surgery, (b) contiguous spread from an adjacent soft tissue infection, (c) hematogenous spread from a distant focus of infection with hematogenous spread being the most common cause. It is a complex interplay between the host and the pathogen which plays major role in these infections. Peculiar anatomy of the metaphysis with classical hairpin loop system of the end arterioles and venous sinusoids aids in pathogen entry into the host. After successful invasion of the host, bacteria escapes the host immunity through various mechanisms, complement component pathway being the most common way. Also the various toxins and proteins secreted by bacteria plays an important role in adhesion, invasion, escape form immunity and spread of the infection. This review article helps in understanding this complex interplay between host and pathogen which ultimately results in infection

Keywords: Paediatric Musculoskeletal infections, Osteomyelitis, Pyomyositis, Septic Arthritis.

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How to Cite this Article:  Chand S, Sagade B, Agarwa U, Jagdale N, Rajput S | Introduction to Paediatric Musculoskeletal Infections- A Review Article | International Journal of Paediatric Orthopaedics | September- December 2023; 9(3): 02-08.| https://doi.org/10.13107/ijpo.2023.v09.i03.156

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Paediatric Musculoskeletal Infection– A Review

Volume 9 | Issue 3 | September-December 2023 | Page: 09-15 | Ashish Upadhyay, Varun Garg, Anil Agarwal, Kishmita Sachdeva, Ankitha KS, Jainam Salot

DOI- https://doi.org/10.13107/ijpo.2023.v09.i03.157

Authors: Ashish Upadhyay MS Ortho [1], Varun Garg MS Ortho [1], Anil Agarwal MS Ortho [1], Kishmita Sachdeva MS Ortho [1], Ankitha KS MS Ortho [1], Jainam Salot MS Ortho [1]

[1] Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya, Geeta Colony, Delhi, India.

Address of Correspondence

Dr. Anil Agarwal,
Department of Orthopedics, Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalya, New Delhi, India
E-mail: anilrachna@gmail.com

Abstract

Acute paediatric musculoskeletal infections (MSKI) include septic arthritis, acute osteomyelitis and pyomyositis. Prompt treatment is necessary to prevent long term disabilities in children. In this review, we discuss the etiopathogenesis, clinical features and management of MSKI. We also discuss about the role of new markers of inflammation and MRI in MSKI. The clinical presentation is variable, depending upon the age group, and difficult to distinguish from other pathologies. Diagnosis is therefore based on not only clinical presentation but also laboratory and radiological investigations. The mainstay of treatment includes antibiotic therapy, and surgical decompression.

Keywords: Septic arthritis, Musculoskeletal infections, Osteomyelitis, Pyomyositis

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How to Cite this Article:  Upadhyay A, Garg V, Agarwal A, Sachdeva K, Ankitha KS, Salot J. | Paediatric Musculoskeletal Infection– A Review | International Journal of Paediatric Orthopaedics | September-December 2023; 9(3): 09-15. | https://doi.org/10.13107/ijpo.2023.v09.i03.157

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A Case of Pyomyositis in a Healthy 11-Year Old Boy with Need of Surgical Drainage

Volume 8 | Issue 1 | January-April 2022 | Page: 47-50 | Alina Frolova, Joana Freitas, Rui Martins, Jorge Coutinho

DOI-10.13107/ijpo.2022.v08i01.134

Authors: Alina Frolova MD [1], Joana Freitas MD [1], Rui Martins MD [1], Jorge Coutinho MD [1]

[1] Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, The University Hospital Centre São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto Portugal.

Address of Correspondence

Dr. Alina Frolova,
Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, The University Hospital Centre São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto Portugal.
E-mail: alina.frolova.238@gmail.com

Abstract

Pyomyositis is an uncommon clinical entity affecting predominantly pediatric population. It presents with diffuse muscle involvement, mostly in the lower limb, with occasional abscess formation and need of drainage, coupled to an appropriate antibiotic therapy.
In this article we present a case of a previously healthy 11-year old boy with an acute onset of hip pain and fever, as well as elevation in blood leukocyte count and C-reactive protein. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a gadolinium-enhanced oedema of internal obturator, external obturator, adductors and quadratus femoris, with an intra-muscular abscess of external obturator. After two attempted percutaneous drainages the patient progressed to sepsis, with the need of open surgical drainage through transgluteal approach. Concomitantly, a deep venous thrombosis was also diagnosed.
After the appropriate drainage and a prolonged antibiotic regimen, patient’s condition improved, with full recovery and no sequelae.
Keywords: Pyomyositis, External obturator, Muscle abscess, Transgluteal approach

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How to Cite this Article:  Frolova A, Freitas J, Martins R, Coutinho J | A Case of Pyomyositis in a Healthy 11-Year Old Boy with Need of Surgical Drainage | International Journal of Paediatric Orthopaedics | January-April 2022; 8(1): 47-50.

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