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Lever Arm dysfunction of Hips in Cerebral Palsy

Volume 10 | Issue 1 | January-April 2024 | Page: 14-19 | Jitendra Kumar Jain DOI- https://doi.org/10.13107/ijpo.2024.v10i01.173 Submitted: 14/01/2024; Reviewed: 10/02/2024; Accepted: 06/03/2024; Published: 10/04/2024 Authors: Jitendra Kumar Jain MS Ortho [1] [1] Trishla Foundation, Tagore Town, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India. Address of Correspondence Dr. Jitendra Kumar Jain, Chairman, Trishla Foundation, Tagore Town, Prayagraj, Uttar […]

Understanding the Biomechanics of Lever Arm Disorders in Cerebral Palsy

Volume 10 | Issue 1 | January-April 2024 | Page: 09-13 | Jayanth Sampath, Taral Nagda DOI- https://doi.org/10.13107/ijpo.2024.v10i01.172 Submitted: 01/02/2024; Reviewed: 14/02/2024; Accepted: 18/03/2024; Published: 10/04/2024 Authors: Jayanth Sampath MS Ortho [1], Taral Nagda MS Ortho [2] [1] Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. [2] Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, SRCC NH […]

Lever Arm dysfunction of Hips in Cerebral Palsy

Understanding the Biomechanics of Lever Arm Disorders in Cerebral Palsy

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Lever Arm dysfunction of Hips in Cerebral Palsy

Volume 10 | Issue 1 | January-April 2024 | Page: 14-19 | Jitendra Kumar Jain

DOI- https://doi.org/10.13107/ijpo.2024.v10i01.173

Submitted: 14/01/2024; Reviewed: 10/02/2024; Accepted: 06/03/2024; Published: 10/04/2024

Authors: Jitendra Kumar Jain MS Ortho [1]

[1] Trishla Foundation, Tagore Town, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Address of Correspondence

Dr. Jitendra Kumar Jain,
Chairman, Trishla Foundation, Tagore Town, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India.
E-mail: jjain999@gmail.com

Abstract

In cerebral palsy, hip dysfunction is the second most common problem after equines deformity. Abnormal skeletal development of the proximal femur due to abnormal forces in cerebral palsy leads to lever arm function by reducing the length of the lever arm contributing to one of very important causes of gait abnormality. High hip anteversion, high neck shaft angle, subluxation, and dislocation are the most common lever arm dysfunctions at the hip joint. This lever arm dysfunction increases progressively with age and correspondence to GMFCS level. If not identified at a very early stage then it may progress to completely deform the femoral head & hip joint. Early identification and preventive surgery help in preventing progression in GMFCS I to III but can progress despite of preventive surgery in non-walker children FMFCS IV & V. Recurrence of the problem is also very common in non-walker children. So we need detailed information about the lever arm problem in the hip and how to deal with this problem in cerebral palsy children. In this article, we have discussed etiology, and how to identify and management protocols for different lever arm dysfunctions of the hip in cerebral palsy.
Keywords: Cerebral palsy, Lever arm dysfunction of hip, Hip subluxation, Anteversion

References

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How to Cite this Article: Jain J | Lever Arm dysfunction of Hips in Cerebral Palsy | International Journal of Paediatric Orthopaedics | January-April 2024; 10(1): 14-19 . https://doi.org/10.13107/ijpo.2024.v10i01.173

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Understanding the Biomechanics of Lever Arm Disorders in Cerebral Palsy

Volume 10 | Issue 1 | January-April 2024 | Page: 09-13 | Jayanth Sampath, Taral Nagda

DOI- https://doi.org/10.13107/ijpo.2024.v10i01.172

Submitted: 01/02/2024; Reviewed: 14/02/2024; Accepted: 18/03/2024; Published: 10/04/2024

Authors: Jayanth Sampath MS Ortho [1], Taral Nagda MS Ortho [2]

[1] Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

[2] Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, SRCC NH Children’s Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Address of Correspondence

Dr. Jayanth S. Sampath,
Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
E-mail: jayanthdoc@gmail.com

Abstract

Levers in the human body play an important role in facilitating efficient movement. Muscle forces act around the axis of movement of adjacent joints. The normal moment of a joint (M) is the product of the muscle force (F) and the length of lever arm (d). The primary neurological insult in cerebral palsy (CP) causes shortening of muscles, joint contractures, and torsional abnormalities in bones. The resulting ineffective lever arm leads to a failure to produce an appropriate torque and subsequent gait abnormalities. Therefore, the effects of lever arm dysfunction should be considered when gait improvement surgery is being offered to children with CP. This review will explain the role of levers in normal human biomechanics and the significance of lever arm dysfunction in the management of CP.
Keywords: Biomechanics, Lever arm, Disorder, Cerebral palsy

References

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How to Cite this Article: Sampath J, Nagda T | Understanding the Biomechanics of Lever Arm Disorders in Cerebral Palsy | International Journal of Paediatric Orthopaedics | January-April 2024; 10(1): 09-13 . https://doi.org/10.13107/ijpo.2024.v10i01.172

Half Sized Blog Element (Single Author Style)

Half Sized Blog Element (Multi Author Style)

Lever Arm dysfunction of Hips in Cerebral Palsy

Understanding the Biomechanics of Lever Arm Disorders in Cerebral Palsy

Lever Arm dysfunction of Hips in Cerebral Palsy

Understanding the Biomechanics of Lever Arm Disorders in Cerebral Palsy

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Lever Arm dysfunction of Hips in Cerebral Palsy

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(Article Text HTML) (Full Text PDF)

Understanding the Biomechanics of Lever Arm Disorders in Cerebral Palsy

Abstract

(Article Text HTML) (Full Text PDF)

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