A Review of Decision Making in Foot Problems in Cerebral Palsy
Volume 8 | Issue 3 | September-December 2022 | Page: 02-05| Rohan Parwani
DOI- https://doi.org/10.13107/ijpo.2022.v08i03.142
Authors: Rohan Parwani [1]
[1] Department of Orthopaedics, Shri M P Shah Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India.
Address of Correspondence
Dr. Rohan Parwani
Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, Shri M. P Shah Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India.
E-mail: arthorohan@gmail.com
Abstract
Ambulatory children with cerebral palsy suffer from a range of problems. There are issues with stance, stability, posture, and endurance. The foot plays a significant role in the pathogenesis and treatment of these problems, especially in the lower limb. Our review article tries to highlight the foot problems and their solutions. The most common deformity in a child with cerebral palsy is the hindfoot equinus. This fixed deformity leads to poor balance in stance and reduced power generated during the push-off phase. Proper identification of the gait pattern and the role of the foot in deranging the gait can help decide ways to enhance the walk of a cerebral palsy child. Physiotherapy and stretching are vital to improving muscle physiology and growth. The weak muscles need to be supplemented with splints. There is also a significant role in the judicious use of surgery in cerebral palsy. Deciding which surgery to employ is critical and often contributes to the success or a disastrous failure. Our article highlights various facets of decision-making and ways to arrive at a proper decision.
Keywords- Cerebral palsy, Foot, Equinus, Gait
References
1. Mathewson MA, Lieber RL. Pathophysiology of muscle contractures in cerebral palsy. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2015;26(1):57-67.
2. Abd El Aziz HG, Khatib AHE, Hamada HA. Does the Type of Toeing Affect Balance in Children With Diplegic Cerebral Palsy? An Observational Cross-sectional Study. J Chiropr Med. 2019;18(3):229-235.
3. Sees JP, Miller F. Overview of foot deformity management in children with cerebral palsy. J Child Orthop. 2013;7(5):373-377.
4. Kadhim M, Holmes L Jr, Church C, Henley J, Miller F. Pes planovalgus deformity surgical correction in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy. J Child Orthop. 2012;6(3):217-227.
5. Brunner R, Rutz E. Biomechanics and muscle function during gait. J Child Orthop. 2013;7(5):367-371.
6. Atbaşı Z, Erdem Y, Kose O, Demiralp B, Ilkbahar S, Tekin HO. Relationship Between Hallux Valgus and Pes Planus: Real or Fiction? J Foot Ankle Surg. 2020 May-Jun;59(3):513-517.
7. DOBSON, F. (2010), Assessing selective motor control in children with cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 52: 409-410.
8. Davids JR, Holland WC, Sutherland DH. Significance of the confusion test in cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Orthop. 1993 Nov-Dec;13(6):717-21.
9. Maas, Josina & Dallmeijer, Annet & Huijing, Peter & Brunstrom-Hernandez, Janice & Kampen, Petra & Jaspers, Richard & Becher, Jules. (2012). Splint: The efficacy of orthotic management in rest to prevent equinus in children with cerebral palsy, a randomised controlled trial. BMC pediatrics. 12. 38. 10.1186/1471-2431-12-38.
10. Ganjwala D, Shah H. Management of the Knee Problems in Spastic Cerebral Palsy. Indian J Orthop. 2019;53(1):53-62.
11. Givon U. Beyin felcinde kas zayifliği [Muscle weakness in cerebral palsy]. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2009 Mar-Apr;43(2):87-93.
12. Chambers MA, Moylan JS, Smith JD, Goodyear LJ, Reid MB. Stretch-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle is mediated by reactive oxygen species and p38 MAP-kinase. J Physiol. 2009;587(Pt 13):3363-3373.
13. Graham, H.K.. (2001), Botulinum toxin type A management of spasticity in the context of orthopaedic surgery for children with spastic cerebral palsy. European Journal of Neurology, 8: 30-39.
14. Kadhim M, Miller F. Crouch gait changes after planovalgus foot deformity correction in ambulatory children with cerebral palsy. Gait Posture. 2014 Feb;39(2):793-8.
15. Sung KH, Chung CY, Lee KM, Lee SY, Park MS. Calcaneal lengthening for planovalgus foot deformity in patients with cerebral palsy. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2013;471(5):1682-1690.
16. Bishay S, Morshed GM, Tarraf Y, Pasha N (2016) Double Column Foot Osteotomy to Correct Flexible Valgus Foot Deformity in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy. Clin Res Foot Ankle 4:198.
| How to Cite this Article: Parwani R | A Review of Decision Making in Foot Problems in Cerebral Palsy | International Journal of Paediatric Orthopaedics | May-August 2022; 8(2): 02-05. https://doi.org/10.13107/ijpo.2022.v08.i03.142 |
